Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has released a new proposal aimed at addressing centralization risks within the network’s block construction process. As part of the ongoing ‘The Scourge’ phase of the Ethereum roadmap, Buterin detailed mechanisms to limit the power of specialized block builders and protect the decentralized nature of the network.
At the heart of the proposal is ‘FOCIL’ (Fork-Choice Rule-Incentivized List), a concept designed to decentralize the ability to choose which transactions are included in a block. Currently, the block-building pipeline often relies on a small number of sophisticated builders who can optimize for Maximal Extractable Value (MEV). FOCIL would allow the broader validator set to mandate a list of transactions that builders must include, effectively stripping builders of their power to censor specific users or transactions.
In addition to FOCIL, Buterin emphasized the importance of encrypted mempools. By encrypting transaction details until they are finalized on-chain, the network can prevent builders from viewing transaction contents prematurely. This move is intended to eliminate front-running and ‘sandwich attacks,’ where builders exploit user trades for profit.
Buterin noted that while the current Proposer-Builder Separation (PBS) model has improved efficiency, it has also introduced new centralization vectors. The integration of ‘big FOCIL’ and encryption technologies represents a shift toward a ‘distributed block building’ model, ensuring that no single entity holds a monopoly over the inclusion or ordering of transactions on the Ethereum blockchain.
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