Ethereum researchers are advancing a significant proposal known as the Full-On-Chain Inclusion List (FOCIL), aiming to serve as the flagship defense against transaction censorship, tentatively scheduled for implementation during a future consensus upgrade currently codenamed ‘Hegota’.
The proposal directly addresses growing concerns regarding the centralization and censorship risks inherent in the current implementation of Proposer-Builder Separation (PBS). Since the Merge, the majority of blocks are constructed by builders that adhere to specific regulatory mandates, notably those related to OFAC sanctions, often resulting in the exclusion of transactions linked to sanctioned entities.
FOCIL is designed to guarantee transaction inclusion by mandating that block builders or proposers include transactions that have been delayed or ignored for a specified period. Under FOCIL, the Ethereum protocol itself maintains an active, public queue of pending but excluded transactions. If a block builder attempts to submit a block that does not include the required FOCIL transactions (assuming they fit within standard gas limits), that block can be rejected or the proposer faces penalties.
This mechanism ensures that even if a critical mass of builders chooses to censor specific addresses or transaction types, the protocol eventually enforces inclusion, thereby eliminating the ability for centralized actors to permanently filter activity. Researchers view FOCIL as a necessary, non-intrusive method to maintain Ethereum’s permissionless guarantee without completely redesigning the highly optimized MEV supply chain.
While the exact timeline for the ‘Hegota’ upgrade remains flexible, FOCIL’s development indicates a strong commitment by the core development teams to prioritize decentralized fairness and censorship resistance as foundational requirements for Ethereum’s ongoing evolution.
Source: Ethereum researchers propose FOCIL as censorship-resistance headliner for Hegota upgrade
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